When covid first hit and we were all in lockdown, a number of courts held proceedings virtually rather than live.  Since then, questions have been raised about how the technology should continue to be used, given that it may make courts proceedings easier for litigants and witnesses to attend, but may also make it difficult to question hostile witnesses and present documentary evidence, as Scott Dodson, Lee Rosenthal, and Christopher Dodson discuss when weighing the benefits and drawbacks of Zoom proceedings

There has not been a ton of empirical work on this (yet), but David Horton found that arbitrations conducted with at least one Zoom hearings resulted in worse outcomes for plaintiffs.  And Jill Gross at Pace recently posted an analysis of customer win rates in FINRA arbitration.  She found that early in the pandemic, customers who had at least one Zoom hearing fared substantially worse than customers who proceeded entirely live, though, as the pandemic wore on, the two became virtually indistinguishable.  At least one explanation might be that, over time, customers were able to choose “mixed” formats more easily, where only one or two witnesses appeared by Zoom and most were live, making the Zoom

As regular readers of this blog will know, you can’t go touting crypto-securities without disclosing how much you’ve been paid to push those products.  I first wrote about this issue in 2018 after Evander Hollyfield attracted attention for promoting the fraudulent AriseBank coin. The same issue showed up again with Kim Kardashian last year.  Now, we’ve got the SEC taking action against eight more:

  • Lindsay Lohan

  • Jake Paul

  • DeAndre Cortez Way (Soulja Boy)

  • Austin Mahone 

  • Michele Mason (Kendra Lust)

  • Miles Parks McCollum (Lil Yachty)

  • Shaffer Smith (Ne-Yo)

  • Aliaune Thiam (Akon)

They all allegedly touted TRX and BTT without disclosing that they were paid to do so or the amount they were paid.  The enforcement actions arise out of the SEC’s pursuit of Justin Sun for allegedly fraudulently manipulating the secondary market for TRX through wash trades.  

I remain skeptical about much of the asset valuation in the crypto and NFT space.  I’d expect that the SEC will continue to pursue these kinds of actions when it has evidence that much of the market for a particular cryptocurrency or type of NFT is largely illusory wash trading designed to generate the appearance of value to suck in money.

Soulja Boy and

Earlier this month, Daniel Lennington, deputy counsel at the Wisconsin Institute for Law and Liberty, published a piece at The Federalist entitled, “How Corporations Launder Their Race Discrimination Through Third Parties.” Here is an excerpt:

[T]he world’s largest corporations desperately want credit for being “woke” and advancing “racial equity” through programs targeted solely at certain races. Such practices — involving blatant race discrimination — are immoral and contrary to core American values, despite being in fashion with corporate elites. Yet the typical guide rails — state and federal law — may be less available remedies if corporations launder their discrimination through third parties. Corporations should avoid this temptation to outsource their discrimination and perhaps take a lesson from Comcast, one of the first corporations to face legal scrutiny for its race-based program. Following the settlement with our clients, Comcast renewed its efforts toward something called “Project Up,” which, from all indications, is a race-neutral program designed to “advance economic mobility, and open doors for the next generation of innovators, entrepreneurs, storytellers, and creators.” Comcast will run this program itself and reap the goodwill that will undoubtedly come, while adhering to (lawful) nondiscrimination principles.

In response to this piece

From a New Civil Liberties Alliance press release (here):

In a thorough and well-reasoned decision, Judge Terry A. Doughty of the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Louisiana has denied government defendants’ motion to dismiss in State of Missouri, et al. v. Joseph R. Biden, Jr., et al. The New Civil Liberties Alliance, a nonpartisan, nonprofit civil rights group, represents renowned epidemiologists Drs. Jay Bhattacharya and Martin Kulldorff, as well as Dr. Aaron Kheriaty and Ms. Jill Hines, in a lawsuit that has exposed an elaborate, multi-agency federal government censorship regime. Judge Doughty wrote, “The Court finds that the Complaint alleges significant encouragement and coercion that converts the otherwise private conduct of censorship on social media platforms into state action, and is unpersuaded by Defendants’ arguments to the contrary.”

UPDATE (3/21/23): Keith Bishop was kind enough to pass along a related post of his entitled “Government Censorship By Proxy?” wherein he notes:

Last week, I wrote about an unsuccessful challenge to the activities of the Office of Elections Cybersecurity within the California Secretary of State’s office: Is The California Secretary of State Monitoring What You Publish Online? In that case, O’Handley v. Weber,

I’ve previously blogged about confusion regarding Section 10(b)’s requirement that a false statement be made “in connection with” a securities trade, when the speaker is a subsidiary of the securities’ issuer.  We have a new entry in the genre in In re Volkswagen AG Sec. Litig., 2023 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 43031 (E.D. Va. Mar. 14, 2023).

This case concerns Volkswagen’s stupid joke from two years ago where it announced that it was changing its name to “Voltswagen,” which roiled the stock for a couple of days until the company admitted that it was just kidding.  An equally stupid securities fraud lawsuit naturally followed, resulting in what is actually a fairly baffling dismissal.  Because whatever one thinks of the claim or its merits, the legal reasoning matters, not just for this case but for future cases. 

The setup:

Volkswagen is a German company, and its stock is not listed on a U.S. exchange.  Its “unsponsored” ADRs trade in the U.S. 

VWGoA is Volkswagen’s American subsidiary.  It is wholly owned by Volkswagen.

The original press release announcing the name change came from VWGoA and its officers, who posted it to the VWGoA website on March 29, 2021.  The press release

Some word counts that may be of interest to BLPB readers (please check my work and let me know if I’ve gotten any of these wrong):

Letter

“ESG”

“stakeholder”

“stakeholder capitalism”

2023 Letter to Investors

0

3

0

2022 Letter to Shareholders

0

7

0

2022 Letter to CEOs

1

18

5

2021 Letter to CEOs

4

13

0

Compare word counts for “Wachtell Lipton Discusses Larry Fink’s [2023] Annual Letters to Investors“: “ESG” = 0; “stakeholder” = 6; “stakeholder capitalism” = 2.

Addendum: The Wachtell post notes that “[f]or more than ten years, Larry Fink, Chairman and CEO of BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manager, has published separate annual letters — one to CEOs and another to BlackRock’s shareholders. This year, Fink combined the two letters into one.”

This week, NYAG Letitia James filed a complaint against KuoCoin, a crypto exchange, for various violations of NY law, including running an unregistered commodities and securities exchange, and acting as an unregistered securities broker.

The allegations focus on three different crypto assets: Luna, TerraUSD, and Ether.  In particular, James claims that Ether is both a commodity and a security – the latter allegation necessary to support the claim that Kuo should have registered as a securities broker.

Now, as we all know, the SEC and the CFTC have generally taken the view that Ether is a commodity, not a security, but Ether’s shift to a proof-of-stake model has raised questions about whether Ether’s status should change under federal law.  James highlights the proof-of-stake model in her briefing in support of a petition for a permanent injunction against KuoCoin.  But more interestingly, she argues in the alternative that Ether is a security under New York State’s prehistoric Waldstein test, articulated in In re Waldstein, 160 Misc. 763 (Sup. Ct, Albany Cnty. 1936).  That test says a security is “any form of instrument used for the purpose of financing and promoting enterprises, and which is designed for investment.”

Waldstein has, according

On March 6, the Federalist Society hosted “A Roundtable on Recent Developments at the FTC.” Yesterday, I had the chance to listen to a podcast of the event and I think it may be of interest to BLPB readers. All the relevant links can be found here. Below is a brief description of the event.

Recent months have seen a flurry of notable developments at the Federal Trade Commission, including oral arguments in the high-profile Axon v. FTC and SEC v. Cochran Supreme Court cases, administrative complaints challenging deals between Altria and JUUL and Illumina and GRAIL, and FTC Commissioner Christine Wilson’s announced resignation. Please join us for an in-person luncheon featuring a panel of antitrust law experts examining these developments and debating what might come next at the FTC.

Today, a LexisNexis alert shared the great news that Professor Nizan Geslevich Packin’s article, Financial Inclusion Gone Wrong: Securities and Crypto Assets Trading for Children, has now been published in the Hastings Law Journal.  It’s a fascinating work that I had the privilege of seeing presented at last year’s National Business Law Scholars Conference (NBLSC) at OU Law.  I’m excited to see it’s now published, and I can’t wait to learn about more exceptional work like this at this year’s NBLSC in Knoxville, Tennessee.  Hope to see many of you there! 

Article citation: Nizan Geslevich Packin, Financial Inclusion Gone Wrong: Securities and Cypto Assets Trading for Children, 74 Hastings L. J. 349 (2023). 

Here’s the abstract posted on SSRN:

According to studies, for most Americans, money is a major source of anxiety. Looking for ways to help Americans address this source of anxiety, some believe that increasing children’s financial orientation could help lower their money-related anxiety levels as adults. Identifying this market as a business opportunity, and reassured by research that shows that by age six, children are already veteran consumers of mobile apps, financial technology (FinTech), decentralized finance (DeFi) and even traditional financial entities have started