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Joan Heminway

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Professor Heminway brought nearly 15 years of corporate practice experience to the University of Tennessee College of Law when she joined the faculty in 2000. She practiced transactional business law (working in the areas of public offerings, private placements, mergers, acquisitions, dispositions, and restructurings) in the Boston office of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP from 1985 through 2000.

She has served as an expert witness and consultant on business entity and finance and federal and state securities law matters and is a frequent academic and continuing legal education presenter on business law issues. Professor Heminway also has represented pro bono clients on political asylum applications, landlord/tenant appeals, social security/disability cases, and not-for-profit incorporations and related business law issues. Read More

GIVING-THANKS

Last year, in my first Thanksgiving week post, I gave public thanks for my students. I could just as easily have done that again this year.  My students continue to impress and inspire me.  And that is certainly something to be grateful for–year in, and year out.

This year, however, I also want to acknowledge my thanks for all of the special colleagues I have in the academy (and yes, fellow BLPB editors, that includes you!) and the bar that make my job complete.  When I have needed assistance, support, or just a good laugh, it is my fellow law peeps–and especially my business law peeps–to whom I most often turn and on whom I almost always rely.

You, my law teacher and lawyer friends, have:

  • read and edited my early syllabi, exams, and assignments, preventing me from making mistakes that new law professors often make;
  • taught my Business Associations class when my mother was dying so I could be by her side;
  • helped my son learn about e-discovery and various types of law practice so that he could launch his career;
  • provided assistance to my Corporate Finance students when they needed specialized guidance or advice on their planning and

…

The title of this post undoubtedly promises too much.  But that won’t prevent me from trying to establish a few points that approach the many topics that could be discussed under a title that includes this much great stuff.  I make that attempt here.

I start with contract law.  As I noted in my prior post for this micro-symposium, one of my appearances at last week’s ABA LLC Institute included a debate on whether an operating agreement is a common law contract.  This question arose in connection with my teaching of operating agreements (and also has arisen in my teaching of partnership agreements) in Business Associations.  Of course, lawyers understand that not all agreements are contracts.  A significant amount of energy is spent on this matter in the beginning of the standard contracts course in law school.  

Is an LLC operating agreement a contract?  I like the question not just for its face value, but because I believe that the answer does or may matter for purposes of resolving other questions arising in and outside LLC law.  I captured some thoughts about this question in a draft essay soon to be published in revised form in the SMU Law Review.  (I blogged about it here over the summer.)  Among other things, with judicial and legislative attention on freedom of contract in the LLC, the status of the LLC as a matter of contract law may shed light on the extent to which contract law can or should be important or imported to legal issues involving LLC operating agreements.

I so appreciate the opportunity to be a part of this micro-symposium, in which we can explore important issues at the intersection of contract law and fiduciary duties in the fastest growing form of business entity in the United States: limited liability companies (LLCs).  Today, I contribute some foundational information relating to, but not directly responding to, the micro-symposium questions.  These observations come from a panel discussion at the 2015 ABA LLC Institute in Washington, DC in which I was a participant.  I blogged from the Institute last week and promised this post in that first post.

The session at the Institute that I feature in today’s post explored the legal and practical nature of an operating agreement (a/k/a, a limited liability company agreement).  Since the operating agreement is the typical locus of private ordering in the LLC form, its status under LLC and other law should be of interest to us.  Among other things, understanding the operating agreement may better enable us to understand when it is a valid, binding, and enforceable obligation among the parties.  That’s an issue I have been exploring in some of my work.  But there is more in the legal status of the operating agreement than meets the eye . . . .

Just a quick report from the 2015 ABA LLC Institute, an annual event held in the fall in Washington, DC that attracts anally compulsive (and I do mean that in the most positive way possible) business lawyers (academics and practitioners) interested in limited liability companies (LLCs) and other alternative business entities.  The agenda for this year’s program is full of nifty stuff and great presenters (present company excepted).  Co-blogger Josh Fershee would love the LLC Institute.  No one here confuses the LLC with the corporation!  (I will just link to one of Josh’s fabulous posts on that topic as a reference point.)

For this year’s institute, I chaired a panel on dissolution in the LLC and also participated in a panel that explored just what an LLC operating agreement really is.  I was wowed in each case by my co-paneleists.  Because the norm at this conference is to interrupt the panelists and comment on their presentations as they speak, the discourse was engaged and lively.

I will save my comments on the operating agreement panel for next week’s micro-symposium.  Today, I want to briefly cover highlights from  the dissolution panel.  Specifically, we focused a lot of attention on the evolution of dissolution events under the uniform and prototype LLC acts and various state LLC statutes since the adoption of the federal income tax “check the box” rules.  There’s more in and related to that topic than you might think . . . .

National Business Law Scholars Conference (NBLSC)

Thursday & Friday, June 23-24, 2016

Call for Papers

The National Business Law Scholars Conference (NBLSC) will be held on Thursday and Friday, June 23-24, 2016, at The University of Chicago Law School. 

This is the seventh annual meeting of the NBLSC, a conference that annually draws legal scholars from across the United States and around the world.  We welcome all scholarly submissions relating to business law.  Junior scholars and those considering entering the legal academy are especially encouraged to participate. 

To submit a presentation, email Professor Eric C. Chaffee at eric.chaffee@utoledo.edu with an abstract or paper by February 19, 2016.  Please title the email “NBLSC Submission – {Your Name}.”  If you would like to attend, but not present, email Professor Chaffee with an email entitled “NBLSC Attendance.”  Please specify in your email whether you are willing to serve as a moderator.  We will respond to submissions with notifications of acceptance shortly after the deadline.  We anticipate the conference schedule will be circulated in May. 

Keynote Speakers:

Professor Steven L. Schwarcz, Stanley A. Star Professor of Law & Business, Duke Law School

Chief Judge Diane P. Wood, The United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit

Conference Organizers:

Tony…

With the recent release of bar results in many states, I have been obsessed of late about the sorry state of bar passage across the country–as well as specific bar passage issues relating to our graduates.  So, rather than (as I should and will do soon) responding to Steve Bradford’s prompting post on the final JOBS Act Title III crowdfunding rules and the related proposals regarding Rules 147 and 504 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (as well as his follow-up post on the Rule 147 proposal), I have decided to focus on bar passage for my few minutes of air time this week.  Specifically, I want to begin to explore the question of what we can do, if anything, as business law professors to help more of our students succeed in passing the bar on the first attempt.

At a base level, this means we should endeavor to understand something about the reasons why our individual students fail the bar the first time around.  A lot has been written about the national trends (inconclusively, as a general rule).  And I am sure every law school is now analyzing the data on its own bar passage shortcomings.  But my experience teaching Barbri and my conversations with former students who have not passed the bar indicate a number of possible causes.  They include (and these are my descriptions based on that experience and those conversations, in no particular order):

  • Failing to state the applicable legal rule(s) and apply them to the facts;
  • Difficulty in processing legal reasoning in the time allotted;
  • Nerves, sleep deprivation, illness and the like; and
  • Engaging insufficiently with study materials and practice examinations.

Assuming that these anecdotal observations are, in fact, causes contributing to bar exam failures for at least some students, how might we be able to help?

I had the honor of being invited to speak at the annual symposium for the Wayne Law Review two weeks ago.  The event, which focused on Corporate Counsel as Gatekeepers, was well organized and attended–and also very stimulating.  Speakers included Tony West as a keynote, a few of us academics, and a bunch of current and former practitioners–prosecutors, in-house counsel, and outside counsel.

My presentation focused on a story that bugs me–a story built on an experience I had in practice.  In the story (which modifies the true facts), an executive flagrantly violates a securities trading compliance plan that I drafted in connection with a subsequent transaction that I worked on for the executive’s firm.  Specifically, the executive informs a friend about the transaction the day before it is announced, believing that the friend will never trade on the information.  The friend trades.  The incident results in a stock exchange and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) inquiries.  No enforcement is undertaken against the firm.  However, the executive signs a consent decree with–and pays a cash penalty to–the SEC and, together with the firm, suffers public humiliation via a front-page article in the local newspaper (since the SEC would not agree to forego a press release).  This fact pattern gnaws at me because I wonder whether there is anything more legal counsel can do to prevent an executive from violating a compliance policy to the detriment of himself and the firm . . . .

This hit my mailbox this morning.  If the report is correct, we’ll know in a few days whether we have a path to unregistered, broad-based securities crowdfunding in the United States.  More as news is reported . . . .

[Additional information:  Based on the link to the SEC’s notice of meeting in Steve Bradford’s comment to this post, it also appears that the SEC is considering amendments to Rules 147 (intrastate offerings) and 504 (limited offerings under Regulation D of up to $1,000,000).]

As Steve Bradford mentioned in his post on Monday (sharing his cool idea about mining crowdfunded offerings to find good firms in which to invest), our co-blogger Haskell Murray published a nice post last week on venture capital as a follow-on to capital raises done through crowdfunding.  He makes some super points there, and (although I was raised by an insurance brokerage executive, not a venture capitalist), my sense is that he’s totally right that the type of crowdfunding matters for those firms seeking to follow crowdfunding with venture capital financing.  I also think that, of the types of crowdfunding he mentions, his assessment of venture capital market reactions makes a lot of sense.  Certainly, as securities crowdfunding emerges in the United States on a broader scale (which is anticipated by some to happen with the upcoming release of the final SEC rules under Title III of the JOBS Act), it makes sense to think more about what securities crowdfunding might look like and how it will fit into the cycle of small business finance.

Along those lines, what about debt crowdfunding as a precursor to venture capital funding?  Andrew Schwartz has written a bit about that.  Others…