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Stefan J. Padfield

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Director of the NCPPR's Free Enterprise Project. Prior experience includes 15+ years as a law professor, two federal judicial clerkships, private practice at Cravath, Swaine & Moore, LLP, and 6 years enlisted active duty (US Army). Immigrant (naturalized).

On March 6, the Federalist Society hosted "A Roundtable on Recent Developments at the FTC." Yesterday, I had the chance to listen to a podcast of the event and I think it may be of interest to BLPB readers. All the relevant links can be found here. Below is a brief description of the event.

Recent months have seen a flurry of notable developments at the Federal Trade Commission, including oral arguments in the high-profile Axon v. FTC and SEC v. Cochran Supreme Court cases, administrative complaints challenging deals between Altria and JUUL and Illumina and GRAIL, and FTC Commissioner Christine Wilson’s announced resignation. Please join us for an in-person luncheon featuring a panel of antitrust law experts examining these developments and debating what might come next at the FTC.

On January 30, 2023, the Hoover Institution hosted a one-day conference on Markets vs. Mandates: Promoting Environmental Quality and Economic Prosperity. You can find an overview of the program (including speaker bios) here, and recordings of the seven sessions here. What follows are some excerpts from the session descriptions.

Sanjai Bhagat explained that ESG investing principles and new standards of corporate social responsibility are not based on the fiduciary duty to maximize shareholder value.

 

John Cochrane asserted that the Security and Exchange Commission’s plan to enforce ESG investment practices isn’t based on “saving the planet” but on bending corporations to serve a particular political agenda. Echoing Bhagat, Cochrane said the ESG mandates would not maximize shareholder value. It would instead deny capital to companies, lower their asset prices, and curb returns to investors. ESG mandates would also pervert markets, destroy competition, and encourage some companies to rent-seek from the government.

 

Mark Mills argued that ambitious goals to achieve zero carbon emissions in the coming decades are delusional. He said that over the past 20 years, after $5 trillion spent worldwide, there hasn’t been any significant movement toward transitions to renewables. Today, global energy derived from

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This post was originally intended to be submitted as a comment to Ann Lipton’s recent “Don’t Say Anything” post – so please read that post first before continuing. I ultimately decided to publish this as a free-standing post because it got a bit long for a comment and I’ll be better able to follow any subsequent comments here. As always, I remain open to changing my mind in the light of convincing feedback.

Ann’s post starts by referencing “Florida’s ‘Don’t Say Gay’ law, HB 1557.” For context, the following from Heritage Action's Executive Director Jessica Anderson (here) may be helpful:

While the Left and the corporate media continue to lie about Florida’s Parental Rights in Education bill, HB 1557, Florida Republicans haven’t stopped working to protect parents and children. Nothing in the bill bans the word ‘gay’ or censors schools — it simply protects grades K-3 from sexualized instruction and bolsters parents’ rights to know what’s going on in their children’s lives at school.

As for the substance of the case, I predict that Chancery will not dismiss the request. Why? Because it does not have to dismiss it in order to discourage “bullying” because this…

Thomson Reuters recently published an accounting & compliance alert (here) noting the following.

  • Representative Bill Huizenga of Michigan signaled a new working group "will lean heavily into the Supreme Court's 2022 ruling in West Virginia v. EPA to argue that the SEC has gone beyond its statutory authority with the proposed [climate] rules, set to be finalized this spring…. The working group will examine how to 'rein in the SEC's regulatory overreach' and reinforce the materiality standard in the disclosure regime, as well as 'hold to account market participants who misuse the proxy process or their outsized influence to impose ideological preferences in ways that circumvent democratic lawmaking,' according to a news release." 

 

  • "Senator Marco Rubio on Feb. 2 announced his 'anti-woke agenda' for the 118th Congress, including the Mind Your Own Business Act that would enable shareholders to more easily sue public companies over socially-driven actions, such as refusing to do business in states that crack down on abortion or restrict voting rights." [FWIW, I suspect that Sen. Rubio might replace "refusing to do business in states that crack down on abortion or restrict voting rights" with "refusing to do business in states that protect the

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From the Office of the Utah Attorney General (here):

Today, [January 26, 2023,] Utah Attorney General Sean D. Reyes led a 25-state coalition in a lawsuit over a Department of Labor rule which would affect the retirement accounts of millions of people. The rule would allow 401(k) managers to direct their clients’ money to ESG (Environmental Social Governance) investments and runs contrary to the laws outlined in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). “The Biden Administration is promoting its climate change agenda by putting everyday people’s retirement money at risk,” Attorney General Reyes said. “Americans are already suffering from the current economic downturn. Permitting asset managers to direct hard-working Americans’ money to ESG investments puts trillions of dollars of retirement savings at risk in exchange for someone else’s political agenda…. From the complaint: “[T]he 2022 Investment Duties Rule makes changes that authorize fiduciaries to consider and promote “nonpecuniary benefits” when making investment decisions. Contrary to Congress’s clear intent, these changes make it easier for fiduciaries to act with mixed motives. They also make it harder for beneficiaries to police such conduct.” The 25 states joining Utah Attorney General Reyes in this lawsuit are: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas,

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Back in October, I posted a blog asking "Should Antitrust Regulators Come for the ESG Cartel?" Yesterday, The Federalist reported (here) that Republicans are launching an investigation into the "Climate-Obsessed Corporate ‘Cartel.’" Some key points from the article:

  • In a June op-ed published in the Wall Street Journal and cited by lawmakers, Sean Fieler, the president of Equinox Partners, a Manhattan-based investment firm, outlined how “The ESG Movement Is a Ripe Target for Antitrust Action.”
  • Republican Arizona Attorney General Mark Brnovich launched a separate antitrust investigation into the Climate Action 100+ network in November last year.
  • House Republicans launched an investigation Tuesday probing whether major climate groups that spearhead the “environmental, social, and governance” (ESG) movement are violating antitrust laws.

The article notes that: 

In a letter sent to executives of the Steering Committee for Climate Action 100+, Republicans led by Ohio Rep. Jim Jordan are demanding a treasure trove of documents that illustrate the coalition’s network of influence…. “Woke corporations are collectively adopting and imposing progressive policy goals that American consumers do not want or do not need. An individual company’s use of corporate resources for progressive aims might violate fiduciary duties or

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A Pacific Legal Foundation press release from Nov. 16 (here) reports the following, which may be of interest to #corpgov types overseeing DEI initiatives.

Today, Joshua Diemert, a former City of Seattle employee, filed a federal lawsuit against the City and Mayor Bruce Harrell for subjecting him to a racially hostile work environment…. Diemert endured years of harassment and racial discrimination in the workplace. Some incidents officially sanctioned by the city were so severe that they created a racially hostile working environment. For example:

  • He was pressured to resign from a position rather than take FMLA leave because he was told that taking FMLA leave would be an exercise of his “white privilege” and would deny a “person of color” an opportunity for promotion.
  • On multiple occasions, upper-level managers verbally told him and other department employees that new positions should be filled with people of color, particularly senior roles.
  • He was forced to attend training that demanded he acknowledge his complicity in racism, not based on his personal actions or beliefs but because he is white.
  • When he spoke up against egregiously racist messaging at a required workshop, his coworkers labeled him a white supremacist. And belligerent colleagues continuously

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In a press release issued today (here), "Florida Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Jimmy Patronis announced that the Florida Treasury will begin divesting $2 billion worth of assets currently under management by BlackRock."  Stated Patronis:

Using our cash … to fund BlackRock’s social-engineering project isn’t something Florida ever signed up for. It’s got nothing to do with maximizing returns and is the opposite of what an asset manager is paid to do. Florida’s Treasury Division is divesting from BlackRock because they have openly stated they’ve got other goals than producing returns. As Larry Fink stated to CEOs "[A]ccess to capital is not a right. It is a privilege." As Florida’s CFO I agree wholeheartedly, so we’ll be taking Larry up on his offer. There’s no lack of companies who will invest on our behalf, so the Florida Treasury will be taking its business elsewhere.

At some point, these millions/billions being divested from Blackrock are going to add up to real money.

Zhaoyi Li, Visiting Assistant Profoessor of Law at the Univeristy of Pittsburgh School of Law, has published a new article, Judicial Review of DIrectors' Duty of Care: A Comparison Between U.S. & China. Here's the abstract:

Articles 147 and 148 of the Company Law of the People’s Republic of China (“Chinese Company Law”) establish that directors owe a duty of care to their companies. However, both of these provisions fail to explain the role of judicial review in enforcing directors’ duty of care. The duty of care is a well-trodden territory in the United States, where directors’ liability is predicated on specific standards. The current American standard, adopted by many states, requires directors to “discharge their duties with the care that a person in a like position would reasonably believe appropriate under similar circumstances.” However, both the business judgment rule and Delaware General Corporate Law (“DGCL”) Section 102(b)(7) shield directors from responsibility for their actions, which may weaken the impact of the duty of care requirement on directors’ behavior.

To better allocate the responsibility for directors’ violations of the duty of care and promote the corporations’ development, it is essential that Chinese company law establish a unified standard of…